Madagascar is a country located in the Indian Ocean. It is the easternmost country in Africa and the largest island in the world that is not in Europe or North America. The population of Madagascar is over 30 million and the area is just over 107,000 square kilometers. The capital city of Madagascar is Antananarivo. The country has a diverse geography, with high elevations in the north and central regions, and lowlands along the coast.nMadagascar is an area of great natural resources including gold, diamonds, limestone, water resources, forests, and other rare species of plants and animals. The economy of Madagascar is primarily based on agriculture, tourism, and remittances from workers abroad.